B.Com Sem 4 Previous Year Question Papers — VNSGU / Saurashtra University (2019–2024)

Auditing

Nature, Scope, and Objectives of Auditing, Types of Audits (Statutory, Internal, Continuous, Final, Government, Cost Audit), Audit Planning and Audit Programme, Audit Working Papers, Internal Control, Internal Check, and Internal Audit, Vouching (Vouching of Cash Transactions — receipts and payments, Trading Transactions — purchases and sales), Verification and Valuation of Assets and Liabilities (Fixed assets, Floating assets, Investments, Contingent liabilities), Appointment, Qualifications, Disqualifications, Powers, Duties, and Liabilities of Company Auditors under Companies Act 2013, and Audit Reports (Clean, Qualified, Adverse, Disclaimer of Opinion).

Advanced Income Tax & GST

Income from Profits and Gains of Business or Profession — PGBP (Admissible deductions u/s 30 to 37, Specific disallowances u/s 40, 40A, 43B, Depreciation rules u/s 32), Capital Gains (Short-term vs Long-term capital assets, Computation of Capital Gains, Cost Inflation Index — CII indexation benefit, Exemptions u/s 54, 54B, 54EC, 54F), Income from Other Sources, Clubbing of Income, Set-off and Carry Forward of Losses, TDS and Advance Tax provisions. Goods and Services Tax (GST): Concept of Dual GST (CGST, SGST, IGST, UTGST), Taxable Event — Supply (Section 7), Place of Supply, Value of Supply, Input Tax Credit (ITC) eligibility and utilization hierarchy, Composition Scheme, and GST Returns.

Financial Management

Meaning, Nature, Scope, and Objectives of Financial Management (Profit Maximization vs Wealth Maximization), Time Value of Money (Present Value, Future Value, Annuities), Capital Budgeting Evaluation Techniques (Non-discounted: Payback Period, Accounting Rate of Return — ARR; Discounted: Net Present Value — NPV, Internal Rate of Return — IRR, Profitability Index — PI), Cost of Capital (Cost of Debt, Cost of Preference Capital, Cost of Equity, Weighted Average Cost of Capital — WACC), Capital Structure Theories (Net Income approach, Net Operating Income approach, Modigliani-Miller theorem), Leverage Analysis (Operating Leverage, Financial Leverage, Combined Leverage, EBIT-EPS analysis, Indifference Point), and Working Capital Management (Operating Cycle concept, Estimation of Working Capital requirements).

Company Law

Companies Act 2013: Meaning, Characteristics, Corporate Personality (Salomon v Salomon case), Types of Companies (Public, Private, One Person Company — OPC, Section 8 Company, Holding and Subsidiary Company), Incorporation of Company, Memorandum of Association — MOA (Clauses and Alteration procedures), Articles of Association — AOA (Contents, Alteration, Doctrine of Constructive Notice, Doctrine of Indoor Management — Royal British Bank v Turquand), Prospectus and Misstatements, Board of Directors (Appointment, Qualifications, Disqualifications, Powers, Duties, Removal, Key Managerial Personnel — KMP, Independent Directors), Company Meetings (Annual General Meeting — AGM, Extra-ordinary General Meeting — EGM, Board Meetings — Notice, Quorum, Agenda, Resolutions — Ordinary and Special, Minutes), and Winding Up procedures.

Entrepreneurship Development

Concept, Characteristics, Functions, and Types of Entrepreneurs, Entrepreneur vs Manager vs Intrapreneur, Role of Entrepreneurship in Economic Development, Entrepreneurial Motivation, Identification of Business Opportunities, Project Report preparation (Technical, Financial, Marketing feasibility), MSME policies and Institutional Support in India (SIDBI, NABARD, SIDO, Startup India initiatives), and Social Entrepreneurship.